This table of terminology is to be updated continuously (now and then). Sorry bout the inconvenience… E.H.
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Ability to Execute | is just a skill - a competence |
| Agile | capitalized to indicate the software development philosophy |
| agile | as in business agility |
| Agile methods | |
| Agile Business Modeling | focusing on fast iterations (Heikkilä). |
| Agile EA | |
| Agility | start early, fail fast |
| Architecture Building block (ABB) | EA tason rakenneosa |
| Benefit | |
| Bimodal | is the practice of managing two separate but coherent styles of work: one focused on predictability; the other on exploration. Mode 1 is optimized for areas that are more predictable and well-understood. It focuses on exploiting what is known, while renovating the legacy environment into a state that is fit for a digital world. Mode 2 is exploratory, experimenting to solve new problems and optimized for areas of uncertainty. These initiatives often begin with a hypothesis that is tested and adapted during a process involving short iterations, potentially adopting a minimum viable product (MVP) approach. Both modes are essential to create substantial value and drive significant organizational change, and neither is static. Marrying a more predictable evolution of products and technologies (Mode 1) with the new and innovative (Mode 2) is the essence of an enterprise bimodal capability. Both play an essential role in the digital transformation. [Gartner] |
| Bi-modal IT | |
| Body of Knowledge (BoK) | is the complete set of concepts, terms and activities that make up a professional domain, as defined by the relevant learned society or professional association. It is a type of knowledge representation by any knowledge organization. [Wikipedia] |
| Building block | |
| Business Architecture Management | |
| Business Capability | |
| Business Capability Architecture | A Business Capability is an ability an organisation requires to delivery its Business Model/Strategy. It has become the core method used by Business Architectures to model an organisation, linking strategic outcomes to process, people and IT design. I notice that the world of IT has woken up to Business Capability Architecture and modelling. But I also notice that it is being frequently mis-understood. People are equating Business Capabilities to Activities and comparing it to Component Business Modelling. |
| Business Development | |
| Business Model (BM) / liiketoimintamalli | The business model is like a blueprint for a strategy to be implemented through organization structures, processes, and systems. related to describing the business logic or operational model of a company (Heikkilä). BMs are lately acknowledged as instruments for strategy execution (Heikkilä). Liiketoimintamallin, eli strategian toimeenpanosuunnitelman tai ansaintalogiikan suunnittelussa hyödynnetään usein graafisia esityksiä, jotka havainnollistavat kohdealueen kuvaamista. Yhteisen kielen löytäminen on erityisen tärkeää ottaessa huomioon, että suunnitteluun voi osallistua useita henkilöitä erilaisista lähtökohdista. Liiketoimintamallin tarkoitus on kuvata yksinkertaistetulla tavalla todellista liiketoimintaa. Tätä varten on kehitetty erilaisia työkaluja, joista yksi esimerkki on Business Model Canvas. Työkalun käyttö antaa suunnittelutyöhön viitekehyksen ja luo ontologian, jonka avulla liiketoimintaa voidaan konseptoida esimerkiksi olemassa olevan tai uuden hyödykkeen ympärillä. |
| Business Model Innovation (BMI) | |
| Business Modeling | |
| Business Outcome | Desired result, expectation, the value. What are these actually - especially with EA? An outcome represents an end result that has been achieved [ArchiMate] |
| Business Transformation | Liiketoiminnan rakenteellinen muutos / uudistaminen |
| Business Value Stream | show how a business creates the value being exchanged between itself and its stakeholders. |
| Capability | Capacity (resources) + ability (competence) = Capability. a capacity to do something (e.g. in specific time-frame or in quality and quantity). Not the same as ability. Organization’s capacity to deploy resources. Capability is the smallest unit of the enterprise that can have its own architecture. (Lankhorst). vs Business Capability. |
| Capability-based Planning (CBP) | |
| Co-design | |
| Competence | |
| Competitive advantage | kilpailuetu. is a business concept describing attributes that allow an organization to outperform its competitors. Competitive advantage is a property that a business can have over its competitors. This can be gained by offering clients better and greater value. Michael Porter defined the two types of competitive advantage an organization can achieve relative to its rivals: lower cost or differentiation. [Wikipedia] |
| Competitive capacity / capability | |
| Competitiveness | kilpailukyky. |
| competitive survival | |
| Complexity Theory | |
| Conceptual Model | A model of a subject area or area of knowledge, that represents entities, the relationships among entities, the attributes and, and sometimes rules. Käsitemalli. Malli, joka määrittelee tarkastelun kohdemaailman tietoelementit ja niiden väliset suhteet (JHS179). Ref. Conceptual Data Model |
| Contingency Theory | A contingency theory is an organizational theory that claims that there is no best way to organize a corporation, to lead a company, or to make decisions. Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation. (Wikipedia). "Situational" |
| Customer Experience (CX) | |
| Customer-centric | |
| Customer centricity | |
| Customer Journey | |
| Customer Journey Mapping (CJM) | |
| Data Management | is an administrative process that includes acquiring, validating, storing, protecting, and processing required data to ensure the accessibility, reliability, and timeliness of the data for its users. |
| Development | vs Design / Planning |
| Design | vd Development / Planning |
| Design Thinking | |
| Digital Transformation | |
| Digitalization | is the use of digital technologies to change a business model and provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities; it is the process of moving to a digital business. (Gartner) Digitalisaatio tarkoittaa rakennemuutosta, jossa luodaan uusia toimintatapoja ja uutta lisäarvoa, mitä ei pystyisi ilman sähköisiä ratkaisuja synnyttämään. |
| Digitization | Digitalisaatio vs digitalisointi / digitointi |
| Disruption | Disruptiolla tarkoitetaan markkinoilla tapahtuvaa murrosta – häiriötä, hajaannusta tai sekasortoa, jonka jokin uusi innovaatio aiheuttaa. Häiriö, tosin, on mielestäni liian negatiivinen termi tässä yhteydessä käytettäväksi. Poikkeuksetta disruptio parantaa tuottavuutta tai ainakin rahalla saatavaa vastinetta. Oli termi sitten mikä tahansa, oleellista on se, että disruptiivinen innovaatio tai teknologia aiheuttaa markkinoiden uudelleen määrittymisen. [https://gofore.com/disruptio-innovaatioalustana/] |
| Domain | Problem Domain, Subject Area, kohdealue, sovellusalue |
| dynamic capabilities view | focuses more on the issue of competitive survival rather than achievement of sustainable competitive advantage. [Wikipedia] |
| Ecosystem | |
| Enterprise Architecture | vs Agile EA |
| Enterprise Architecture Management (EAM) | |
| Epistemology | tietämyksen teoria (Tuomisto) |
| Framework | filosofinen tulkinta maailmasta, joka ohjaa ja rajoittaa "etsintää" (Tuomisto). |
| Gamification | |
| Govern | Hallita, määrätä, säätää, ohjata |
| Governance | is the strategic task of setting the organisation's goals, direction, limitations and accountability frameworks. provide leadership and strategy and must focus on the 'big picture'. / strategic, tactic. Decision making processes in the administration of an organization. A structure of relationships and processes to direct and control the enterprise in order to achieve the enterprise’s goal. |
| Governance Model | Hallintamalli |
| Innovation | ref. Service Innovation |
| Knowledge intensive services (KIS) | In Europe KIS include high-tech services (e.g. R&D, and ICT), market services (e.g., transport, property management, equipment rentals), financial services (e.g., intermediation, insurance), education, health and recreation, both cultural and physical. |
| Manage | Johtaa, hallita |
| Management | is the allocation of resources and overseeing the day-to-day operations of the organisation / operative |
| Metamodel | Metamalli on kaavio, jota käytetään määrittämään notaatiota. (Fowler ym. 2002) vs Conceptual Model / Conceptual Data Model |
| Method | the tools, techniques or processes that we use. tarkoittaa menetelmää, tapaa suorittaa määrämuotoisesti askel askeleelta edistyvä toimintoketju, jossa saavutetaan tavoiteltu tehtävä tai päämäärä. Sana metodi on johdettu kreikan kielen sanasta methodos, joka tarkoittaa sananmukaisesti ”kuljettava tie”. Etenkin tietoteoriassa keinoja tiedon hankkimiseen ja tutkimusmenetelmiä on nimitetty metodeiksi. (järjestelmällinen) menetelmä. Säännönmukainen ja suunnitelmallinen tapa ratkaista jokin ongelma, suorittaa jokin tehtävä, antaa opetusta, tehdä tutkimusta yms. |
| Methodology | explains why we’re using certain methods or tools. Menetelmäoppi, metodioppi; menetelmien/metodien kokonaisuus. Viitekehyksen operationalisointi; ohjeet, kuvaukset "etsintää" varten. Jokainen “etsinnän” vaihe tarvitsee selvät metodit ja tekniikat (Tuomisto). |
| Microservices | The idea with microservices is to break the application down into independently deployable services supporting a specific business goal and communicating with other services through a lightweight, well-defined interface. A microservice has a few lines of code which are managed separately from other microservices. An application can have hundreds of microservices. |
| Minimum Viable Product (MVP) | Minimal Viable Product (MVP) product which has just enough features to gather validated learning about the product and its continued development. MVP is often less expensive than using a product with more features which increase costs and risk in the case where the product fails, for example due to incorrect assumptions. - MVP vs. PoC Synonyms: Minimum Viable Solutions, Minimum Viable X (MVX), minimum viable "anything". viable=mahdollinen Minimum Viable Product (MVP) philosophy evolved, to avoid this “unnecessarily over-thinking and over-preparation” problem which plagued products in all companies. It encouraged building the minimum required at a certain point of time and then iterating and improving it going forward. MVP approach enables much needed fast experimentation, fail fast and invest where needed strategy. |
| Mission | |
| Modus Operandi (MO) | on latinaa ja tarkoittaa toiminnan tapaa tai työn tapaa (Wikipedia) |
| Multi-sourcing | |
| Notation | Notaatio tarkoittaa graafista esitystä, jota pidetään mallinnuskielen syntaksina eli lauserakenteen ja sanaston kuvaamisena. |
| Ontology | Ontologies are about vocabularies and their meanings, with explicit, expressive and well-defined semantics (Puustjärvi). Ontologioilla määritellään tietyn aihealueen käsitteistöjä. Usein ne muodostetaan olemassa olevien sanastojen avulla. Ontologioilla määritellään käsitteet ja niiden suhteet. koneen ja ihmisen tulkittavissa oleva, yhteisesti sovittu, täsmällinen kuvaus sovellus- tai aihealueen käsitteistä ja niiden välisistä suhteista. Fyysisen ja sosiaalisen maailman perusluonne ja toiminta (Tuomisto). |
| Operartional Excellence | is an element of organizational leadership that stresses the application of a variety of principles, systems, and tools toward the sustainable improvement of key performance metrics. [Wikipedia] |
| Operating Model (operaatiomalli) | |
| Operational Devlopment | contains the organisational development as well complementing with the “hard side” of the operation that means a complexity of strategy, structure, processes, related internal rules and infrastructural conditions. Kokonaisarkkitehtuuri edesauttaa operatiivisen toiminnan kehittämistä ja lisää organisaation reagointiherkkyyttä muutoksiin - Kokonaisarkkitehtuuri edesauttaa operatiivisen toiminnan kehittämistä ja lisää organisaation reagointiherkkyyttä muutoksiin. Kokonaisarkkitehtuuriperusteissa toiminnan kehittämisessä organisaation toiminta kuvataan ja analysoidaan tarkastelemalla organisaation strategia, tavoitteet ja liiketoimintamallit, ja liitetään ne osaksi prosessien, tiedon, tietojärjestelmien ja teknologian muodostamaa kokonaisuutta. Kokonaisarkkitehtuurin avulla organisaatio saa ymmärrettävän ja käytännönläheisen näkymän nykytilan hahmottamiseen ja tavoitetilan määrittelemiseen toiminnan kehittämisen tueksi. - See more at: http://www.qpr.com/fi/konsultointipalvelut/julkishallinnon-kokonaisarkkitehtuuri/toiminnan-kehitt%C3%A4minen-ja-it#sthash.1sHCNG5i.dpuf |
| Operations Management | Kansainvälisesti tuotantotaloutta vastaa usein ilmaisu Industrial Engineering tai Operations Management |
| Organizational Excellence | refers to ongoing efforts to establish an internal framework of standards and processes intended to engage and motivate employees to deliver products and services that fulfill customer requirements within business expectations. |
| Organizational performance | |
| Outcome | lopputulos, lopputuote. An outcome represents an end result that has been achieved [ArchiMate]. |
| Output | tuotos, työn tulos |
| Platform Economy | |
| Platform Business | |
| Portfolio Management | |
| Pragmatic | Käytännönläheinen |
| Process Development | Process Design |
| Program Management | |
| Project Management | |
| Poroject Portfolio Management | is the way an organisation has structured projects into categories by using an overall process to select, prioritise and manage projects across the organisation. This process is also known as Project Portfolio Management (PPM) . |
| Quality Function Deployment | |
| Reductionism | Reduktionismi on filosofinen oppi, jonka mukaan tietty kokonaisuus on palautettavissa eli redusoitavissa osiinsa. [https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduktionismi] |
| Resource | |
| Resource-based view (RBV) | as a basis for the competitive advantage of a firm lies primarily in the application of a bundle of valuable tangible or intangible resources at the firm's disposal [Wikipedia] |
| Return On Investment (ROI) | Gain (benefit) / Cost. A performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiency of a number of different investments. ROI measures the amount of return on an investment relative to the investment’s cost. To calculate ROI, the benefit (or return) of an investment is divided by the cost of the investment, and the result is expressed as a percentage or a ratio. |
| Self-contained System (SCS) | approach is an architecture that focuses on a separation of the functionality into many independent systems, making the complete logical system a collaboration of many smaller software systems. This avoids the problem of large monoliths that grow constantly and eventually become unmaintainable. Over the past few years, we have seen its benefits in many mid-sized and large-scale projects. Microservices are more versatile (monipuolinen) while SCS solve problems specifically with the architecture and organisation of large projects. The monolith is divided into functions. Like microservices, SCSs are autonomous, replaceable applications, typically web-based. However, an SCS is larger than a microservice and may even contain multiple microservices. |
| Service | Biz-, app-, tech- service IT service (ITIL) Service Design = Biz service Microservice |
| Service Blueprint | is a technique used for service innovation. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_blueprint ] |
| Service Design | "Palvelumuotoiu". |
| Servive Innovation | |
| service integrations | |
| Service Management | |
| IT Service Management (ITSM) | |
| service operations | |
| Service Oriented Logic | vs Porduct oriented logic |
| Shadow IT | |
| SME | Small and medium-sized enterprises |
| Solution Building block (SBB) | EA rakennusosa |
| Storytelling | |
| Strategy | concerned with the long-term positioning of a company |
| Strategy Design | |
| Strategy Development | |
| Strategy Execution | |
| Strategy Planning | |
| Sweet spot | "“Sweet spot” on paikka, jossa sopiva eri ominaisuuksien yhdistelmä johtaa parhaisiin tuloksiin. " http://www.digisweetspot.com/tietoa-meista/ |
| System Theory | |
| System Thinking | |
| Taxonomy | A taxonomy is a way of classifying or categorizing a set of things - specifically, a classification in the form of a hierarchy (a tree structure) (Puustjärvi). Luokittelu |
| Technical debt | "Tekninen velka" https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_debt |
| Terminology | Vocabulary, Sanasto, |
| Thesaurus | a controlled vocabulary arranged in a known order and structured. |
| Time to market (TTM) | is the length of time it takes from a product being conceived until its being available for sale. |
| Tool | |
| Touchpoint | |
| User Experience (UX) | |
| Valuation | valuation is the process of determining the present value (PV) of an asset |
| Value | A product or service’s capability provided to a customer at the right time, at an appropriate price, as defined in each case by the customer. |
| Value Chain | Michael Porter’s value chain. A Value Chain disaggregates a firm into its strategically relevant activities in order to understand the behavior of costs and the existing and potential sources of differentiation. It enables the firm to gain a competitive advantage by performing these strategic activities more cheaply or better than its competitors. The firm seeks cost leadership or differentiation, but not both. [http://www.bainstitute.org/resources/articles/business-architecture-value-streams-and-value-chains] |
| Value creation | vs Value add |
| Value Stream | A Value Stream is an end-to-end collection of activities that creates a result for a customer (vrt. Process). The value stream has a clear goal: to satisfy or to delight the customer. This is a well known term, familiar to both Six Sigma and Lean Manufacturing disciplines. The Enterprise Business Architecture defines the enterprise value streams and their relationships to all external entities, other enterprise value streams, and the events that trigger instantiation. It is a definition of what the enterprise must produce to satisfy its customers, compete in a market, deal with its suppliers, sustain operations, and care for its employees. While this definition has not been formally adopted, it fits well with architectural disciplines. [http://www.bainstitute.org/resources/articles/business-architecture-value-streams-and-value-chains] |
| Value Sream Mapping (VSM) | |
| Vision | |
| Visualization tool | |
| White Paper | White paper on lähtöisin termistä white book, joka on hallituksen virallinen julkaisu [Wikipedia]. White paper tyypillisesti käsittelee tiettyä kantaa tai ratkaisua ongelmaan. Vaikka white paper -termin takana on valtionpolitiikka ja sen viralliset elimet, on siitä tullut yleinen työkalu myös liike-elämän keksintöjen ja tuotteiden esittelyyn. White paper on (voimakas) markkinointiväline. |